Airspace classes A to G
Canada grades airspace A (most controlled) to G (least). Classes A through E are controlled, F is special-use, and G is uncontrolled (CARs 601.01-601.02). The busier the traffic, the more permission you need to enter.
| Class | Kind | VFR? |
|---|---|---|
| A | Controlled (high level) | No, IFR only |
| B | Controlled | Only as controlled VFR (CVFR): ATC clearance + two-way radio (transponder too) |
| C | Controlled (busy terminal) | ATC clearance + two-way radio + transponder (busy terminal airspace) |
| D | Controlled | Two-way radio contact established before entry |
| E | Controlled (airways, control area extensions) | Yes, no clearance needed |
| F | Special-use | Depends on designation (see below) |
| G | Uncontrolled | Yes, no clearance needed |
- Class F is special-use (CAR 601.04), shown on charts as CYA advisory, CYR restricted (no entry without the using agency's permission), or CYD danger (over international waters). Class F may sit in controlled or uncontrolled airspace; unless stated otherwise, the surrounding airspace's rules apply (TC AIM RAC 2.8.6).
In controlled airspace ATC keeps planes apart, so it wants a clearance or radio contact. In E and G no one separates VFR traffic, so you just enter.
Trap: the permission steps down A to D. A = no VFR at all; B = clearance for controlled VFR (CVFR), with radio and transponder; C = the same clearance, radio, and transponder in busy terminal airspace; D = two-way radio contact only; E and G = just show up (CARs 601.06-601.09).
References
- CARs 601.01
- CARs 601.02
- CARs 601.03
- CARs 601.04
- CARs 601.06
- CARs 601.09
- TC AIM RAC 2.8